The 20th and 21st Centuries
Architectural Dictionary
by Joanne Benzimra Morali
University : Universidad Europea de Madrid (UEM)
Course : Architecture and Art : XX and XXI centuries
Project Type : Research and Synthesis
3rd Semester - 2021
Tutor : Miguel Luengo
Tools : Indesign
The Architecture of Steel
1870s - 1890s
Chicago School
1871 - 1891
Frank Lloyd Wright
1867 - 1959
Adolf Loos
1867 - 1959
Architectural Avant-Garde Movements
1900 - 1920
The Bauhaus
1919 - 1933
Le Corbusier
1887 - 1965
Mies Van Der Rohe
1886 - 1969
Alvar Aalto
1898 - 1976
Louis Kahn
1901 - 1974
Radical Architecture
1970s
Rem Khoolhaas
1944 - Today
• https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pinterest.com%2Felianskura%2Fraum-plan%2F&psig=AOvVaw3aIoXp-
DzdgZLouDl1qawcL&ust=1643231802752000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAsQjRxqFwoTCNjn19HpzfUCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD
• https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pinterest.cl%2Fpin%2F450500768959301323%2F&psig=AOvVaw-
3tog7txpNGxViZdyrvPjSY&ust=1643231839915000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAsQjRxqFwoTCLjTx-PpzfUCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAe
• https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Farcheyes.com%2Fronchamp-chapel-le-corbusier%2F&psig=AOvVaw1TUzBJJeX5kbDPHuTmYrW0&
ust=1643231899328000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAsQjRxqFwoTCIjPzf_pzfUCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD
Architecture of Steel
• http://www.diedrica.com/search/label/Henri%20Labrouste
• https://pixabay.com/photos/architecture-iron-steel-building-414035/?download
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sainte-Genevi%C3%A8ve_Library
• https://pixabay.com/photos/eiffel-tower-france-paris-landscape-975004/
• https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Crystal-Palace-London-1851-Sir-Joseph-Paxton-Interior-of-Great-Exhibit-Hall_fig1_30871099
• https://londonist.com/london/weird-facts-about-st-pancras-0
• https://www.cntraveler.com/activities/madrid-atocha-train-station`
• https://es.parisinfo.com/donde-salir-por-paris/info/guias/exposicion-en-el-centre-pompidou
• https://www.dezeen.com/2020/05/12/archigram-plug-in-city-peter-cook-dennis-crompton-video-interview-vdf/
• https://www.nuevatribuna.es/articulo/historia/crystal-palace/20161129082604134272.html
• https://historyoflibraryarchitecture.wordpress.com/19th-century/bibliotheque-sainte-genevieve/
Chicago School
• https://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/wainwright-building/15055-
• https://images.chicagohistory.org/asset/11075/
• https://www.planetizen.com/news/2018/01/96865-daniel-burnham-get-musical-theatre-treatment
• https://www.insidehook.com/article/style-chicago/how-one-chicago-building-became-a-monument-to-menswear
• https://www.flickr.com/photos/brulelaker/41885120942
• https://chuckmanchicagonostalgia.wordpress.com/2018/05/22/photo-chicago-carson-pirie-scott-department-store-state-and-madisoncorner-
view-aerial-in-its-heyday-with-crowds-1960s-edited-from-unknown-photographer/
• https://es.wikiarquitectura.com/edificio/chicago-tribune/
• https://www.architecture.org/learn/resources/buildings-of-chicago/building/reliance-building/
Frank Lloyd Wright
• https://es.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Frank_Lloyd_Wright_portrait.jpg
• https://quoteswithpicture.com/30-frank-lloyd-wright-quotes-to-succeed-is-to-consider/
• https://www.essentialhome.eu/blog/mid-century-modern-icons-falling-water-house-frank-lloyd-wright/
• https://www.stua.com/design/guggenheim/
• https://www.floornature.es/el-guggenheim-museum-de-frank-lloyd-wright-cumple-60-anos-14338/
• https://www.argcreate.com/portfolio/stanford-university-hanna-house-architectural-rehabilitation/
• https://www.metalocus.es/en/news/best-example-prairie-houses-robie-house
• https://www.pinterest.co.kr/pin/24488391704267400/
• https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosenbaum_House
• http://pc.blogspot.com/2006/01/rosenbaum-floor-plan-frank-lloyd.html
• http://asombrosaarquitectura.blogspot.com/2014/03/millard-house.html
• https://www.dwell.com/article/frank-lloyd-wrights-iconic-ennis-house-los-angeles-real-estate-3f532d7f-36e74bf9
• https://twitter.com/mfernandajaua/status/1095254671000825856
• https://alchetron.com/Ville-Contemporaine
• https://franklloydwright.org/frank-lloyd-wrights-larkin-and-johnson-wax-workspaces/
• https://lynceans.org/all-posts/frank-lloyd-wrights-1956-mile-high-skyscraper-the-illinois/
• https://es.wikiarquitectura.com/edificio/edificio-larkin/
• https://www.plataformaarquitectura.cl/cl/02-112779/clasicos-de-arquitectura-torres-blancas-francisco-javier-saenz-de-oiza
Adolf Loos
• https://www.geni.com/people/Adolf-Loos/6000000012427550739
• https://www.behance.net/gallery/27104503/Moller-House-by-Adolf-Loos/modules/527820503
• https://www.ft.com/content/300be11f-98fd-4661-a7c5-a63cada5ca61
• https://robertoescribano10.wixsite.com/website/post/arquitectura-raumplan-de-adolf-loos
• https://www.mvrdv.nl/projects/135/mirador
Architectural Avant-Garde Movements
• https://useum.org/russian-avant-garde/history-of-russian-avant-garde
• https://www.ryoko.info/01en/barcelona/062index.html
• https://www.archilovers.com/stories/27133/iconic-houses-rietveld-schroder-house.html
• https://www3.astronomicalheritage.net/index.php/show-entity?identity=38&idsubentity=1&tmpl=system
• https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pabell%C3%B3n_de_Cristal
• https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-multi-layered-futurism-Citta-Nuova-New-City-proposed-by-Antonio-SantElia-1914_fig1_311987567
• https://thecharnelhouse.org/2014/03/07/lissitzky-wolkenbugel-1924/
Bauhaus
• https://www.architecturaldigest.com/gallery/bauhaus-buildings-germany
• https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruno_Taut
• https://temasycomentariosartepaeg.blogspot.com/p/blog-page_938.html
• https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Gropius
• https://artchist.blogspot.com/2015/02/edificio-de-la-bauhaus-walter-gropius.html
• https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes_Itten
• https://www.tiovivocreativo.com/blog/arquitectura/de-stijl-rietveld-los-inicios-del-racionalismo/
• https://es.wikiarquitectura.com/edificio/chicago-tribune/
• https://www.bauhauskooperation.com/knowledge/the-bauhaus/works/architecture/chicago-tribune-tower/
• https://eswikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A1szl%C3%B3_Moholy-Nagy
• https://www.metalocus.es/en/news/hannes-meyer-second-director-and-social-vision-bauhaus
• https://www.bauhauskooperation.de/wissen/das-bauhaus/werke/architektur/weissenhof-siedlung-stuttgart/
• https://www.flickr.com/photos/90500500@N08/16327761658
• https://www.cvkstore.com/index.php?route=product/category&cid=154&cname=marcel+breuer+wassily+chair+original
• https://es.wikiarquitectura.com/edificio/casa-tassel/
Le Corbusier
• https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Le_Corbusier_(1964)_Stedelijk_Museum_Sikkensprijzen_916-9288_(cropped).jpg
• https://www.museodelprado.es/museo/ampliacion-jeronimos
• https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Bauhaus-Plan-of-the-first-level-North-orientation-is-on-the-left_fig40_267337587
• https://www.cosasdearquitectos.com/2014/01/villa-savoye-1929-le-corbusier-una-vivienda-que-revoluciono-la-arquitectura/
• https://newpresnya.ru/en/dom-centrosoyuza-moskovskie-proekty-velikogo-arhitektora-le/
• http://thecityasaproject.org/2014/03/the-dom-ino-effect/
• https://archeyes.com/ronchamp-chapel-le-corbusier/
• https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sitio_corbusiano_en_Cap_Martin
• https://www.pinterest.fr/pin/467037423826718343/
• https://divisare.com/projects/198389-le-corbusier-cemal-emden-villa-fallet
• https://es.wikiarquitectura.com/edificio/maisons-jaoul/
Mies Van Der Rohe
• https://batavia.es/blog/mies-van-der-rohe-historia-y-obras/
• https://www.metalocus.es/en/news/restoring-mies-van-der-rohe-860-880-lake-shore-drive
• https://www.plataformaarquitectura.cl/cl/02-364394/clasicos-de-arquitectura-seagram-building-mies-van-der-rohe/5383460bc07a802121000420-seagram-building-mies-van-der-rohe-photo
• https://www.metalocus.es/en/news/restoring-mies-van-der-rohe-sr-crown-hall
• https://www.archdaily.com/953666/images-reveal-mies-van-der-rohes-renovated-new-national-gallery-in-berlin-by-david-chipperfield
• https://www.inexhibit.com/mymuseum/the-german-pavilion-in-barcelona-by-mies-van-der-rohe/
• https://upinteriors.com/space/project/farnsworth-house-by-ludwig-mies-van-der-rohe/
Alvar Aalto
• https://www.metalocus.es/en/news/alvar-aalto-1898-1976-organic-architecture-art-and-design
• https://www.pinterest.fr/amp/pin/311029918013471086/
• https://www.archdaily.com/783388/ad-classics-house-of-culture-alvar-aalto
• https://www.architecturaldigest.in/content/iconic-house-villa-mairea-finland-aalto/
• https://www.pinterest.co.uk/pin/426012445997560228/
• https://divisare.com/projects/317793-alvar-aalto-nico-saieh-saynatsalo-town-hall-1951
• https://www.pinterest.fr/pin/322570392045977783/
• https://casabellaweb.eu/2013/09/20/alvar-aalto-pavia/
• https://www.urbipedia.org/hoja/Baker_House
Louis Kahn
• https://www.arquitecturaydiseno.es/creadores/louis-kahn
• https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratorios_Richards
• https://www.pinterest.fr/pin/390616967655267365/
• https://www.pinterest.fr/pin/540713498982648445/
Radical Architecture
• https://arquitecturaviva.com/articles/superstudio-50-1
• https://www.architektur-aktuell.at/termine/superstudio-life-after-architecture-0
• https://arquitecturayempresa.es/noticia/la-ciudad-sin-arquitectura-no-stop-city-de-archizoom
• https://twitter.com/ardigarg/status/1250566264990375937
• https://walkerart.org/magazine/the-edible-playable-and-wearable-architecture-of-haus-rucker-co
Rem Khoolhaas
• https://www.derstandard.de/consent/tcf/story/2000111291963/rem-koolhaas-erniedrigung-ist-mein-taeglich-brot
• https://www.santiagodemolina.com/2021/11/el-ultimo-mat-building-posible.html?m=1
• https://entirelandscapes.space/Venice-Hospital
• https://www.archdaily.com/435778/shenzhen-stock-exchange-hq-oma/52542157e8e44ecb1700063b-shenzhen-stock-exchange-hq-oma-photo
• https://www.pinterest.com.mx/pin/562387072203784323/